Cones
In a space frame structure, cones usually refer to conical joints or node assemblies used where multiple tubular members meet at different angles, especially when forming curved, tapered, or funnel-like shapes.
A space frame cone is a specially fabricated, cone-shaped steel connector used to join pipes in a space frame system. It’s typically made from steel plate rolled and welded into a conical form, then machined to fit bolts or welds.
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Used when the pipe axes don’t meet in a flat plate or spherical node.
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Helps transition between different diameters of pipes.
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Provides smooth load transfer between members.
Typical Applications
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Tapered column tops – where a vertical column meets the horizontal roof grid.
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Architectural domes – at apexes or base connections where multiple pipes converge.
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Canopy and stadium roofs – to connect large-span trusses with angled members.
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Transition zones – between space frames and supporting structures (concrete, steel columns, etc.).
Structure & Components
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Cone Body: Formed from rolled steel plate (often Q235/Q355 in China, ASTM A36/A572 abroad).
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Flange Plate: Bolted to other components or welded to pipe ends.
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Sleeve/Socket: Sometimes the cone has a cylindrical sleeve at the narrow end to connect to a smaller-diameter member.
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Reinforcement Ring: To resist local bending at the connection point.
Advantages
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Allows multi-directional connection with precise angles.
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Reduces stress concentration compared to flat plates.
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Can handle larger loads than simpler welded T-joints.
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Aesthetic smooth transitions in visible structures.
Fabrication Notes
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CNC plasma cutting for precision edge shapes.
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Full penetration welds for high-strength joints.
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Often hot-dip galvanized or epoxy painted for corrosion resistance.
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Angle accuracy is crucial — usually tolerance ≤ 1°.